Cavallini:
a family of submarines

by Cristiano D'Adamo

Periscope

There were two periscopes produced by the firm San Giorgio. The forward one, used to attack, was 8.5 meters long, while the aft one, used for exploration, was 11.5 meters long. The attack periscope was used in the small chambers placed above the control room, while the exploration one was used below, in the control room. Typical of Italian submarines, the periscope sleeves extended considerably from the cunning tower and were enclosed in a light metal structure quite visible from a distance.  In 1941, the remaining “Liuzzi” had the light structure removed and the sleeves reduced in size. Similar changes were made to the “Brin”, the remaining “Settembrini”, and the “Mameli”